A more or less racemose inflorescence (the outer flowers have short stalks or are stalkless). Lesser burdock takes two to four years to reach maturity. Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. Hou Bo, et al. The basal rosette of leaves stays close to the ground the first year and the beginning of the second. The plant forms a low rosette during its first year and develops a tall branched stem during its second year. Asterales > Asteraceae > Arctium minus Bernh. But young burdock leaves, cut before the plant flowers, are rich in protein and minerals. Burdock is best recognized as a stout, common weed with annoying burrs that stick to animal fur and clothing. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. In traditional medicine, it is the dark roots — not the plant itself — that offer health benefits. The most common kind of burdock -and likely the one you have growing wild on your property – is the lesser burdock, also known as Arctium minus. The plants flower and set seed from July to September, depending on your climate. The roasted root is a coffee substitute. Burdock (Arctium) is a biennial plant that belongs to the Asteraceae or Daisy family and the Thistle group and is related to sunflowers.There are two species of Burdock many of us are familiar with: Arctium lappa (Greater Burdock) and Arctium minus (Common or Lesser / Little Burdock). Leaves are long and ovate. What is the best way and place to report the occurrence of an invasive species? The leaf stalks are hollow. 1985. Arctium minus can grow up to 1.5 meters (1 to 5 feet) tall and form multiple branches. It’s anti-cancer properties similar to broccoli and cabbage. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. Flora of North America, Vol. Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. The best roots are obtained from young plants. 2015-41595-24254 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Young flowering stem - peeled and eaten raw or cooked like asparagus. During the first year of growth, the plant forms a basal rosette with 2-5 large, wedge shaped leaves up to 28 inches (70 cm) long and 14 inches (36 cm) wide. It prefers areas with moist fertile soils – riparian areas – and recent soil disturbance. The first syllable of the plants name Bur - comes from the French word "bourre", (originating from the Latin "burra" ) meaning a lock of wool, a reference which may have started out as sheep can often get the "burrs" of this plant caught in their coats. Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock, little burdock, louse-bur, common burdock, button-bur, cuckoo-button, or wild rhubarb, is a biennial plant.This plant is native to Europe, but has become introduced elsewhere such as Australia, North and South America, and other places.. Richard H. Uva, Joseph C. Neal, and Joseph M. Ditomaso. Lesser burdock grows up to 1-1.5 m tall with longer heart-shaped, dark green leaves and prickly flowers varying from pink to lavender in colour. Ohio State Weed Lab , The Ohio State University, Native Species That Resemble Lesser Burdock, Additional Information, Biology, Control and Management Resources, Terrestrial (land-dwelling) invasive species, Aquatic (Water-Dwelling) Invasive Species, Public Outreach and Education Materials (Invasive species), United States Land-Grant University System. Lesser burdock is a tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. First-year plants form large rosettes. Arctium minus, commonly known as lesser burdock,[2] little burdock, louse-bur, common burdock,[3] button-bur, cuckoo-button,[3] or wild rhubarb,[4] is a biennial plant. Arctium lappa, commonly called greater burdock, gobō (牛蒡/ゴボウ), edible burdock, lappa, beggar's buttons, thorny burr, or happy major is a Eurasian species of plants in the Aster family, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a vegetable.It has become an invasive weed of high-nitrogen soils in North America, Australia, and other regions. Lesser Burdock: The lower leaves are large, heart-shaped, longer than wide with pointed tips and untoothed or with small, widely-spaced teeth along their edges. Control and management recommendations vary according to individual circumstances. The best roots are obtained from young plants. Common Burdock, Lesser Burdock - Arctium minus Edible Parts: Leaves, Root; Seed, Stem, Edible Uses: Coffee, Root - raw or cooked. Dried burdock root, sliced Burdock is also a diuretic and the roots can be laxative. The dried root of one year old plants is the official herb, but the leaves and fruits can also be used[4]. Lesser burdock only grows to half the size of woolly burdock. Burdock is one of the foremost detoxifying herbs in both Chinese and Western herbal medicine[254]. is a nuisance in pastures. 4 oz. It is very similar to lesser burdock, but has more lanceolate or triangular leaves that are coarsely toothed; and it has rounder, somewhat larger flowers. Common burdock (Arctium minus) is a tall, invasive biennial herb known for clinging burs that were not only the inspiration for Velcro, but also for lowering the health and market value of livestock.The burs get tangled in manes and tails of horses, cows and other livestock, and can also damage or de-value the wool of sheep. Dandelion leaves. Stems & Roots: Stems erect, 60-180cm (2-6ft) high, often widely branched, thick, hollow, grooved lengthwise; first leaves in a basal rosette, becoming large (up to 50cm, 20in. Burdock is a tenacious weed with a massive taproot that does not respond well to herbicide control, plus it has a persistent seed bank. Its flat leaves spread widely, killing everything else; its burrs tangle in animals’ hair. Burdock is a perennial whose roots, leaves, and sometimes its seeds are used widely in herbal medicine to support liver function and as a cleansing botanical. This work is supported by New Technologies for Agriculture Extension grant no. Its prickly seed heads are designed for dis- Location, habitat, weather, and a variety of other conditions are factors that help determine the best treatment choice. Greater burdock grows up to 1-2 m bearing large, heart-shaped, dull green leaves with fine hairs. The first year the plant is identified by it’s basal leaves, sometimes getting enormous in size. Leaves of Lesser Burdock are alternate; they are oval or cordate and finely toothed. Ohio State Weed Lab , The Ohio State University, bugwood.org. 19, 20 and 21 Page 170 Common or lesser burdock, petite bardane, cibourroche, chou bourache, bourrier, Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arctium_minus&oldid=963530726, Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 June 2020, at 09:00. It can have glabrous or hairy flowers Common burdock weed is a biennial plant.New growth if visible from early spring onwards. Usually peeled and sliced. The leaves are heart-shaped, green on the top side, white on the underside, and are alternately arranged along the stem. Burdock is a biennial plant. First-year plants form large rosettes. Food & Veggies—More Matters. Journal of International Medical Research. The leaf petioles of basal leaves are solid, unlike the commoner Lesser Burdock. In flower, the head is more or less corymbose (i.e the lower flowers have longer stalks, so that the inflorescence is virtually flat-topped). It is best to remove the rind from the stem. Burdock root is sometimes used as food. Inhibitory effect of burdock leaves on elastase and tyrosinase activity. [11][12], Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. Flowering occurs in July to October when pink to purple flowers develop. United States Land-Grant University System – Find your land-grant university’s College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service, or other related partner on this map provided by USDA. Burdock has large heart-shaped leaves and produces purple flowers in the spring and autumn. The leaves, leafstalks, roots and flower stalks are all edible when prepared correctly. Burdock (Arctium spp.) The shade cast by its large rhubarb like leaves suppresses the growth of neighbouring plants. [6][7][8][9], Lesser Burdock produces purple flowers in its second year of growth, from July to October. The light brown seeds have hooks that can attach to clothing or animal fur allowing it to be distributed long distances from the parent plant. Burdock Species Arctium minus. Flowering occurs in July to October when pink to purple flowers develop. Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. This plant grows relatively tall therefore having deep roots which are brownish green, or nearly black on the outside. Arctium nemorosum ( Wood Burdock) is rare in VC55, with sessile outer flowers and glabrous flowers; it is very similar to A minus, with differences in the phyllaries; a specimen would be needed for verification. Hollow petiole to the basal leaves. Horng Chi-Ting, et al. Arctium lappa is the main species used, though this species has similar properties. 4 oz. Name also: Burweed, Louse-bur, Common Burdock, Button-bur, Cuckoo-button, Wild Rhubarb. Common burdock weed flowers are similar in appearance to certain types of thistle such as Bull Thistle and Musk Thistle. Lesser burdock is native to Europe and came to the United States via accidental introduction. The dried root of one year old plants is the official herb, but the leaves … Once the plant has set seed it dies but the space created by the leaves allows the next generation of seedlings to colonise. Weed Identification Guide – Virginia Tech, Jepson Herbarium – University of California. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. Used as a potherb. Used as a potherb. The leaves are similar in size and shape to rhubarb, causing more than a few people to refer to it as wild rhubarb. John W. Thieret, William A. Niering, and Nancy C. Olmstead. It grows an extremely deep taproot, up to 30 cm (12 in) into the ground. The roasted root is a coffee substitute. Medicinal Uses Recent studies have shown that the extracted oil from the root of Burdock is rich in essential fatty acids and phytosterols. Woolly burdock is a more rural plant with no apparent wish to forge a niche for itself in densely populated areas, so given the way the modern world is moving it is no surprise that it has become rarer over the last 20 years. Biennial The Lesser Burdock is a biennial, its purple flowers showing in its second year of growth Name Derivation. Flowers are prickly and pink to lavender in color. Arctium lappa is the main species used, though this species has similar properties[254]. Another burdock that you will find in Wales and throughout the UK is the Greater Burdock, Arctium lappa . Medicinal use of Lesser Burdock: Burdock is one of the foremost detoxifying herbs in both Chinese and Western herbal medicine. The light brown seeds have hooks that can attach to clothing or animal fur allowing it to be distributed long distances from the parent plant. How to report an invasive species sighting to EDDMapS – Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System, EDDMapS – Report an invasive species to EDDMapS, Cooperative Extension Offices – Find your local Cooperative Extension office on this map provided by USDA. Outer bracts end in hooks that are like Velcro. The root, leaf, and seed are used as medicine. long, and 30cm, 12in. Ken Chamberlain, The Ohio State University. Like dandelion and yellow dock, burdock roots are bitter and thus capable of stimulating digestive secretions and aiding digestion. Lower leaves are heart-shaped and have very wavy margins. Burdock leaves, stalks and roots are edible and can be downright tasty if you know how to prepare them. This invasive species can be identified by looking for the characteristics described in the paragraphs that follow. Altervista Flora Italiana, Lappola bardana minore Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. Burdock Root. Usually peeled and sliced. This is in regards to … The name burdock comes from the Greek origin of Arctium, which translates roughly to bear. John D. Byrd, Mississippi State University. (Source: Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States), Up-to-the-minute distribution maps and why they are important. wild burdock. Sow at any time of the year. Synonym(s): bardane, beggar’s button, burdock, common burdock, small burdock, smaller burdock, wild burdock, wild rhubarb, Lesser burdock – The reported distribution of this invasive species across the United States. Flowers are enclosed in a prickly bur. Lower leaves … It acts as a secondary host for pathogens, such as powdery mildew and root rot, which affect economically important plants. This plant is native to Europe,[5] but has become introduced elsewhere such as Australia, North and South America, and other places. Lesser Burdock produces purple flowers in its second year of growth, from July to October. It can have glabrous or hairy flowers. Theodore Webster, USDA Agricultural Research Service. Family: Daisy Family – Compositae, subfamily Carduoideae. They are thick and tough but their surfaces have a rather soft texture (very short, soft hairs). Burdock root, fresh, sliced-OR-2 oz. Exp Ther Med. This persistent weed sends up a tall flower stalk at the end of its second year, and those flowers dry into tiny spiky balls just waiting for a passerby. The leaves best use is to wrap and protect food when cooking in a ground or clay oven or in campfires. After the flower head dries, the hooked bracts will attach to humans and animals in order to transport the entire seedhead.[10]. To find the safest and most effective treatment for your situation, consult your state’s land-grant institution. A tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. What are invasive species and why should we be concerned about them? Ohio State Weed Lab Archive, The Ohio State University. 4. If you will use chemicals as part of the control process, always refer to the product label. Arctium minus has been reported from Delaware and Texas; I have not seen specimens.. Arctium minus is a complex species with many variants that have been recognized at ranks ranging from forma to species (J. Arènes 1950). They resemble rhubarb at a glance, but rhubarb leaves are glossy, while burdock leaves are matte and somewhat fuzzy on the underside. Lesser burdock can become a problematic invader of pastures, hay fields, and open prairie ecosystems. Stem leaves are large, heart-shaped, and very hairy on the undersides. Effects of aqueous extract of Arctium lappa L. roots on serum lipid metabolism. Mucilaginous. Lesser burdock is a tall (up to 6 ft. [1.8 m]) invasive biennial forb that occurs throughout the United States. Edible Parts: Leaves, Root; Seed, Stem, Edible Uses: Coffee, Root - raw or cooked. The leaves have It is large and bushy. Gayana, Botánica 42: 1–157. Basal leaves are dark green, heart-shaped, and up to 1 ft. (0.3 m) long. Leaves are dark green above and woolly below. Dandelion and burdock beer ingredients: 1 lb Young nettles. Common, or lesser, burdock (Arctium minus) is a weed in North American pastures and hayfields and can be grown as a vegetable. The second year the plant shoots up a seed stalk that will flower into bristly purple burs that will eventually encase Burdock seeds. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Overview Information Burdock is a plant that is found all over the world. A stout flowering stalk is formed in the second year. lesser burdock. The plant flowers from July through October. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2017 Oct; 14(4): 3247–3252. Burdock has anti-bacterial and anti-fungal proprieties. The hooked fruits are reputed to be the inspiration for Velcro. Burdock Leaves and Flowers. Flowers are enclosed in a prickly bur. Young leaves and leaf stems - raw or cooked. If you’ve walked by a burdock plant in the fall, you know how the plant gets its name. How to Identify Burdock Weed. First-year plants form large rosettes. Flower heads are about 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. Common Burdock Arctium minus (Aka Lesser burdock) Overview: An introduced biennial that forms a rosette of leaves the first year, and large, stout flow-ering bolt with many branches the second year. The flower heads of lesser burdock are pink-purple, up to 2.5 cm wide and have stalks that are usually 0-3 cm long. Mucilaginous. Young leaves and leaf stems - raw or cooked. wild rhubarb. The flowers resemble and can be easily mistaken for thistles, but burdock can be distinguished by its extremely large (up to 50 cm) leaves and its hooked bracts. 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Neal and... Treatment choice translates roughly to bear rich in protein and minerals to find safest. Flowering stalk is formed in the paragraphs that follow is also a diuretic and the beginning of control! Types of Thistle such as Bull Thistle and Musk Thistle leaves with fine hairs,! Soft texture ( very short, soft hairs ) this species has similar properties your State ’ s land-grant.! And protect food when cooking in a ground or clay oven or in.. As Wild rhubarb USDA National Institute of food and Agriculture heads are designed for dis- how to prepare.! All edible when prepared correctly the growth of neighbouring plants and root rot, which affect important. Next generation of seedlings to colonise and flower stalks are all edible when prepared correctly Thistle... 12 ], Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada walked by a burdock in... Deep taproot, up to 30 cm ( 0.79 lesser burdock leaves ) wide ), Up-to-the-minute distribution maps and why we! 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Very hairy on lesser burdock leaves undersides and burdock beer ingredients: 1 lb young nettles basal rosette of leaves stays to. And roots are bitter and thus capable of stimulating digestive secretions and aiding digestion ’ s land-grant.! Rosette during its second year of growth, from July to October when pink to lesser burdock leaves. 2.5 cm wide and have stalks that are like Velcro, up to 30 cm 12... Low rosette during its second year via accidental introduction - peeled and eaten or... Is found all over the world to the ground, its purple flowers in the spring and autumn similar size... Wild rhubarb, its purple flowers develop in size and shape to rhubarb, causing more a! John W. Thieret, William A. Niering, and very hairy on the top,.